Intsimbi ejikelezayo
Intsimbi ejikelezayo ibhekisela kumgca oqinileyo wentsimbi kunye necandelo lomnqamlezo ojikelezayo.Inkcazo yayo ibonakaliswe ngobubanzi, kwiimilimitha (mm), njenge "50mm" ithetha intsimbi ejikelezayo kunye nobubanzi be-50 mm.
Intsimbi ejikelezayo yahlulahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezintathu: ishushu esongwayo, ibunjiwe kwaye ibandayo.Inkcazo yentsimbi ejikelezayo eshushu i-5.5-250 mm.Phakathi kwazo: i-5.5-25 mm intsimbi encinci ejikelezayo ibonelelwa kakhulu kwiingxowa zemicu echanekileyo, ehlala isetyenziswa njengentsimbi yentsimbi, iibholiti kunye neengxenye ezahlukeneyo zomatshini;intsimbi engqukuva enkulu kune-25 mm isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza iinxalenye zoomatshini kunye netyhubhu evaliweyo yemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo iyalinda.
Ukuhlelwa kwebha engqukuva
1.Ukwahlula ngokwemichiza
Intsimbi yeCarbon inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni, intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi kunye nentsimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni ngokwemichiza (oko kukuthi, umxholo wekhabhoni).
(1) Intsimbi ethambileyo
Eyaziwa nangokuthi insimbi epholileyo, umxholo wekhabhoni usuka kwi-0.10% ukuya kwi-0.30%.Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi kulula ukwamkela ukucutshungulwa okuhlukahlukeneyo njengokubumba, ukuwelda kunye nokusika, kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza amatyathanga, iirivets, iibholiti, iishafts, njl.
(2) Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi
Intsimbi yeCarbon enomxholo wekhabhoni we-0.25% ukuya kwi-0.60%.Kukho intsimbi ebuleweyo, intsimbi efileyo, intsimbi ebilayo kunye nezinye iimveliso.Ukongeza kwikhabhoni, inokuthi iqulethe ixabiso elincinci le-manganese (0.70% ukuya kwi-1.20%).Ngokomgangatho wemveliso, yahlulwe ibe yintsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon structural kunye ne-high-quality carbon structural steel.Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kunye nokusika, ukusebenza kakubi kwe-welding.Amandla kunye nobunzima buphezulu kunentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni, kodwa iplastiki kunye nokuqina kuphantsi kunentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni.Izinto ezishushu ezishushu kunye nezibandayo zingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokunyanga ukushisa, okanye emva kokunyanga ukushisa.Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi emva kokucima kunye nobushushu ineempawu ezilungileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini.Obona bunzima buphezulu obunokufikelelwa bumalunga ne-HRC55 (HB538), kwaye σb yi-600-1100MPa.Ke ngoko, ekusetyenzisweni okwahlukeneyo kwinqanaba lamandla aphakathi, intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu.Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni njengezinto zokwakha, ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iindawo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini.
(3) Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yintsimbi yensimbi, umxholo wekhabhoni usuka kwi-0.60% ukuya kwi-1.70%, kwaye unokuqina kwaye unomsindo.Izando, i-crowbars, njl. zenziwe ngetsimbi kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni we-0.75%;izixhobo zokusika ezifana ne-drills, iimpompo, ii-reamers, njl. zenziwe ngetsimbi kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni we-0.90% ukuya kwi-1.00%.
2.Ihlelwa ngokomgangatho wentsimbi
Ngokomgangatho wentsimbi, inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi eqhelekileyo yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu.
(1) Intsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon structural, eyaziwa ngokuba yintsimbi yekhabhoni eqhelekileyo, inezithintelo ezibanzi kumxholo wekhabhoni, uluhlu lwentsebenzo, kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus, isulfure kunye nezinye izinto ezishiyekileyo.E-China nakwamanye amazwe, ihlukaniswe ngamacandelo amathathu ngokwemiqathango yokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa: I-Class A steel (i-Class A steel) yintsimbi eneepropati eziqinisekisiweyo zomatshini.Intsimbi yeKlasi B (intsimbi yeKlasi B) yintsimbi enemichiza eqinisekisiweyo.Intsimbi ekhethekileyo (intsimbi yohlobo lwe-C) yintsimbi eqinisekisa iipropati zombini kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali, kwaye isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesakhiwo.I-China ngoku ivelisa kwaye isebenzisa i-A3 yensimbi eninzi (i-Class A No. 3 yensimbi) enomxholo wekhabhoni malunga ne-0.20%, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zobunjineli.
Ezinye iintsimbi ze-carbon structural nazo zongeza amanani omkhondo we-aluminiyam okanye i-niobium (okanye ezinye izinto ezenza i-carbide) ukwenza i-nitrides okanye i-carbide particles ukunciphisa ukukhula kweenkozo.Ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi lwe-CNC, khangela i-akhawunti yoluntu "i-NC programming teaching" kwi-WeChat, Yomeleza intsimbi kwaye ugcine intsimbi.E-China nakwamanye amazwe, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zentsimbi yobungcali, ukwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye neepropati zentsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon structural ziye zahlengahlengiswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuhliswa uthotho lwentsimbi yobuchwephesha yentsimbi yesiqhelo ye-carbon yesakhiwo (efana neebhulorho, izakhiwo, Imivalo yensimbi, intsimbi yeenqanawa zoxinzelelo, njl.).
(2) Xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon structural steel, i-high-quality carbon structural steel inomxholo ophantsi wesulfure, i-phosphorus kunye nezinye izinto ezingenayo i-metallic inclusions.Ngokomxholo wekhabhoni owahlukileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, olu hlobo lwentsimbi lunokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezintathu:
① Ngaphantsi kwe-0.25% C yintsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi, ngakumbi i-08F kunye ne-08Al enomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphantsi kwe-0.10%, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengendawo yokuzoba nzulu njengemoto kunye neetoti ngenxa yokutsaleka kwazo nzulu kunye ne-weldability ……linda .I-20G iyona nto iphambili yokwenza iibhoyili eziqhelekileyo.Ukongeza, intsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengentsimbi yokubeka intsimbi yokwenziwa koomatshini.
②0.25～0.60% C yintsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimo ecinyiweyo nepholileyo ukwenza iinxalenye kushishino lokwenziwa koomatshini.
③ Ngaphezu kwe-0.6% C yintsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu, esetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iziphethu, iigiya, imiqulu, njl njl. Ngokomxholo ohlukeneyo wemanganese, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini entsimbi anomxholo oqhelekileyo wemanganese (0.25-0.8) %) kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-manganese (0.7-1.0% kunye ne-0.9-1.2%).I-Manganese inokuphucula ukuqina kwentsimbi, yomeleza i-ferrite, kwaye iphucule amandla esivuno, amandla okuqina kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwentsimbi.Ngokuqhelekileyo, uphawu "Mn" longezwa emva kwebakala lensimbi enomxholo ophezulu we-manganese, njenge-15Mn kunye ne-20Mn, ukuhlula kwi-carbon steel kunye nomxholo oqhelekileyo we-manganese.
3.Ukuhlelwa ngokwenjongo
Ngokutsho kwesicelo, inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi ye-carbon structural kunye ne-carbon tool steel.
Isixhobo seCarbon insimbi Umxholo wekhabhoni uphakathi kwe-0.65 kunye ne-1.35%.Emva kokunyanga ubushushu, ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuchasana nokugqoka okuphezulu kunokufumaneka.Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, izixhobo zokusika, ukubumba kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa (jonga insimbi yesixhobo).
Intsimbi yolwakhiwo lwekhabhoni yahlulwe yangamanqanaba ama-5 ngokokuqina kwemveliso yentsimbi:
Q195, Q215, Q235, Q255, Q275
Uphawu ngalunye lwahlulwe lwaba ngamabakala A, B, C, kunye no-D ngenxa yomgangatho owahlukileyo.Kukho iindidi ezine kakhulu, kwaye ezinye zinenye kuphela;Ukongeza, kukho ukungafani kwindlela ye-deoxidation ye-smelting yensimbi.
Isimboli yendlela yokukhupha umoya:
F - intsimbi ebilayo
b——intsimbi ebuleweyo
Z——intsimbi ebulewe
TZ——intsimbi ekhethekileyo ebuleweyo
Izinto zentsimbi ejikelezileyo: Q195, Q235, 10 #, 20 #, 35 #, 45 #, Q215, Q235, Q345, 12Cr1Mov, 15CrMo, 304, 316, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 4CrMo, 40CrMo, 40CrMo, 40CrMo 1 5, 65Mn , 50Mn, 50Cr, 3Cr2W8V, 20CrMnTi, 5CrMnMo, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-05-2023